金台診所醫學美容的部落格

Double Vision (Diplopia)
Monocular (diplopia remains when the uninvolved eye is occluded)
More common. Refractive error, incorrect spectacle alignment, corneal opacity or irregularity (including corneal/refractive surgery), cataract.
Less common. Dislocated natural lens or lens implant, extra pupillary openings, macular disease, retinal detachment, CNS causes (rare), nonphysiologic.
Binocular (diplopia eliminated when either eye is occluded)
—Typically intermittent: Myasthenia gravis, intermittent decompensation of an existing phoria.
—Constant: Isolated sixth, third, or fourth nerve palsy; orbital disease [e.g., thyroid eye disease, idiopathic orbital inflammation (orbital pseudotumor), tumor]; cavernous sinus/superior orbital fissure syndrome; status postocular surgery (e.g., residual anesthesia, displaced muscle, undercorrection/ overcorrection after muscle surgery); status posttrauma (e.g., orbital wall fracture with extraocular muscle entrapment, orbital edema); internuclear ophthalmoplegia; vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency; other CNS lesions; spectacle problem.