金台診所醫學美容的部落格

The vertebrate retina has ten distinct layers.[3] From closest to farthest from the vitreous body - that is, from closest to the front exterior of the head towards the interior and back of the head:

1. Inner limiting membrane – basement membrane elaborated by Müller cells
2. Nerve fibre layer – axons of the ganglion cell nuclei (note that a thin layer of Müller cell footplates exists between this layer and the inner limiting membrane)
3. Ganglion cell layer – contains nuclei of ganglion cells, the axons of which become the optic nerve fibres for messages and some displaced amacrine cells
4. Inner plexiform layer – contains the synapse between the bipolar cell axons and the dendrites of the ganglion and amacrine cells.
5. Inner nuclear layer – contains the nuclei and surrounding cell bodies (perikarya) of the amacrine cells, bipolar cells and horizontal cells.
6. Outer plexiform layer – projections of rods and cones ending in the rod spherule and cone pedicle, respectively. These make synapses with dendrites of bipolar cells.[1] In the macular region, this is known as the Fiber layer of Henle.
7. Outer nuclear layer – cell bodies of rods and cones
8. External limiting membrane – layer that separates the inner segment portions of the photoreceptors from their cell nucleus
9. Layer of rods and cones – layer of rod cells and cone cells
10. Retinal pigment epithelium - single layer of cuboidal cells (with extrusions not shown in diagram). This is closest to the choroid.